History of the McCulloch - Sutherland Families of San Antonio, Texas

Major Alexander McCulloch and wife Francis Le Noir (1779-1866)

Major Alexander McCulloch was born in Virginia and raised in North Carolina. He was a graduate of Yale and an aide-de-camp to General James Coffee, under General Andrew Jackson in the Creek Indian War and the War of 1812 from 1812-1815 in Alabama, Georgia and New Orleans. He died in Dyer County, Tennessee in August 1846.

The McCulloch family had been wealthy, politically influential, and socially prominent in North Carolina before the American Revolution, but Alexander McCulloch had wasted much of his inheritance and was unable even to educate his sons. Two of his older sons briefly attended a school in Tennessee taught by their neighbor, Sam Houston. After several moves, the family settled at Dyersburg, where one of their closest neighbors was David Crockett, who became a great influence on Alexander's sons Henry Eustace McCulloch, and his older brother, Ben McCulloch, who both would later become Confederate brigadier generals during the American Civil War.

Major Alexander McCulloch married Francis F. Le Noir, who was born 11 April 1779 in Virginia. She was the daughter of a planter and slaveholder. Her only brother John Peterson Le Noir, died in New Orleans of a wound received in a skirmish the night of 21 December 1814, while serving in the U.S. Army in the War of 1812. She came to Texas after 1846 and lived at the home of her son Captain John S. McCulloch in Ellis County until her death on 10 May 1866. She and her husband had 12 children together.

One son of Alexander and Francis was Alexander McCulloch who served in the army of Texas in 1836-37, and was an officer in the U.S. Army in the Mexican War. Another son was Benjamin McCulloch, who participated in the Battle of San Jacinto as a private, served in the Mexican War as a captain, and was killed in the Battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, 7 March 1862, while serving as a Brigadier General in the Confederate Army. A third son was John S. McCulloch, a captain in the Confederate Army, who Francis went to Texas to live with. A fourth son, and the line of McCullochs that this archive offered here descended from, was General Henry Eustace McCulloch. This archive contains one letter written by Major Alexander McCulloch to his wife dated 1845.

General Henry Eustace McCulloch (1816-1895) and wife Jane Isabella Ashby (1822-1896)

General Henry Eustace McCulloch was an early pioneer, Texas Ranger, and Confederate officer. He was born in Rutherford County, Tennessee, on December 6, 1816. Although he played an important role in military affairs in early Texas, he received fewer accolades than his more famous cohorts John S. (Rip) Ford, John C. (Jack) Hays, and his older brother, Benjamin McCulloch. In the 1830s Ben and Henry McCulloch carried on several economic enterprises. They traveled the Mississippi River on log rafts to various markets, and by the end of the decade they had moved to Gonzales to survey and locate lands. In 1839, in the political struggles at Gonzales, Henry McCulloch shot and killed Reuben Ross, after the latter, intoxicated and obnoxious, drew his pistols. The angular-featured, gentle-looking McCulloch joined the Texas Rangers in the heyday of their role as citizen soldiers against Native Americans and Mexican troops. In the battle of Plum Creek in 1840 against the Comanches, he scouted, fought with distinction, and was wounded. In addition, he served as a lieutenant in Hays's rangers in their military operations against the Comanches and Mexican nationals. In 1842 in the attack on San Antonio and retreat by Mexican troops, McCulloch scouted, infiltrated enemy lines seeking information, and participated in the battle of Salado Creek.

For the next two decades he mixed his military career with other ventures. In 1843 he was elected sheriff of Gonzales and began a merchandising career there. The following year he moved his business to Seguin. During the Mexican War and afterward, he served as a captain of a volunteer company guarding the Indian frontier. He became especially adept at organizing regular ranger patrols in intervals from different camps to cover a designated area. In the early 1850s McCulloch served in the state legislature (both houses) from Guadalupe County, and at the end of the decade he accepted an appointment as United States marshal for the Eastern District of Texas. He served as a high-ranking Confederate officer during the Civil War. As Texas left the Union, he assumed command of the posts on the northwestern frontier from Camp Colorado to the Red River and used Texas secessionist troops to accept the surrender of federal forces. Given the rank of colonel by the Confederate Congress, McCulloch organized the First Regiment, Texas Mounted Riflemen, in 1861. This body of troops slowed down penetration of the western frontier by Native Americans through a system of patrols and small-scale engagements. After promotion to brigadier general, McCulloch commanded the Northern Sub-District of Texas from 1863 to the end of the war. In this role he faced the threats of Indian raids and the movement of Union forces. He also had to deal with the activities of draft dodgers, deserters, and bushwhackers. At one time he tried unsuccessfully to arrest William Quantrill for robbery and murder. With the war ended, McCulloch went home to Seguin with an armed escort for protection against deserters, who swore to take his life.

After the Civil War he remained in the limelight. In 1874 he assisted the newly elected governor, Richard Coke, in removing Edmund J. Davis from the executive offices. Early in 1876, as a reward for his years of service, McCulloch was appointed superintendent of the Deaf and Dumb Asylum (later the Texas School for the Deaf). Here his lax and inept administration brought about a legislative investigation that made him resign his position in 1879.

Henry married to Jane Isabella Ashby on 20 August 1840. She was born 17 September 1822, at Shelby Co, Kentucky.  She was the daughter of John Miller Ashby and Mary Harris Garnett of Kentucky, who had been early settlers in the DeWitt Colony, which was centered on Gonzales, Texas. The couple had a number of children, most of who remained in Texas.

General Henry Eustace McCulloch died on March 12, 1895, at Seguin, Texas and was buried in San Geronimo Cemetery. He received a full Masonic funeral, having been an active freemason, after the War, in the Guadalupe County Lodge. His wife died the following year on 18 July 1896, at Seguin, Guadalupe Co., Texas. There are 4 letters in this collection related to Henry Eustace McCulloch. Two letters are written by Henry Eustace McCulloch to his son in November 1882 and February 1895, with 2 letters written to him.

Henry Ashby McCulloch (1866-1913) and wife Lola Beatrice Gaylord (1871-1944)

One of General McCulloch's sons, his namesake, was Henry Ashby McCulloch, who was born 23 July 1866 at Rangers Horn, Geronimo, Guadalupe Co., Texas. He married on 18 April 1893 and died 22 January 1913 at Buenos Aires, Argentina.  The present collection is mainly concentrated on Henry, his wife Lola Beatrice Gaylord, their daughter Lolita "Lola" Beatrice McCulloch, as well as Lolita's second husband William Alexander Sutherland, and Lolita's son, from her first marriage, Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland, who was adopted by Sutherland and took his stepfather's name.

Henry A. McCulloch left college in 1884 on account of a shortage of funds, and thus did not graduate. From November 1884 to May 1887 he was a surveyor for state lands for Texas and the railways of the western part of the state, being headquartered at El Paso. He did some work at this time in the State of Chihuahua, Mexico for Davis Brothers, of El Paso in 1885. For the last half of 1887, he was transit man and division engineer in charge of estimates for Mexican International Railway, for Sabinas to Torreon and on preliminary survey from Torreon to Durango.

At the beginning of 1889 he was in the panhandle of Texas with William Walter Phelps Co., surveying 5,000,000 acre land grant in charge of two parties. He went to Mexico in 1890 for the purpose of working for the Wells-Fargo Company, who he had been working with previously as a messenger at Eagle Pass, Texas, being responsible for communications between El Paso and Eagle Pass. In July of 1891 he was appointed "acting" route agent for Wells Fargo at Irapuato, Guanajuato, and later appointed as the route agent. In 1892 he was transferred to Monterrey and put in charge of all of Northern Mexico.

During 1892 he married Lola Beatrice Gaylord. And in 1895 he was appointed general route agent with headquarters in the City of Mexico, and put in charge of all outside transportation business. While living in Mexico, his daughter, Lola Beatrice McCulloch, was born in Mexico City on 16 August 1896. In 1898 he entered the service of American Surety Company as inspector and served in that capacity, and as acting general manager until mid-July 1899 when he resigned because of differences between him and the company. He was immediately given a position as the general superintendent of San Marcos and Tecolutla Railway (SM&T RR) placed in charge of construction and operation. He stayed in this position a short time, again having differences of opinions with his superiors, and resigned to take a job in November 1900 with the Mexicana Railway as commercial agent, staying only a brief time before taking a job again with the SM&T RR. SM&T RR was bought out by Mexican Eastern Railway. The SM&T was then leased to a corporation called Interoceanic Railway, which was owned by stockholders of the Mexican Eastern Railway. McCulloch then became the General Train Master of the Interoceanic and the General Agent of the Mexican Eastern.

By 1904 he was appointed division superintendent of the Interoceanic Railway and later the same year appointed terminal superintendent for the company. Staying in Mexico, he moved over to the Pan American Railroad where he was appointed the assistant general manager, and became general superintendent of that company's railways in Mexico. In 1907 he was appointed general manager of Southern Railways of Peru and Dependencies under W. L. Morkill where he remained for several years before taking a position with a group of Argentine railroads. McCulloch died in Buenos Aires in 1913. 

There are a 338 letters and telegrams written both to, and from Henry concerning his work in Central and South America with the various railroad companies he was employed by. A number of these telegrams are multiple pages, written in code, then translated, and sent back and forth at great expense, in an attempt to keep prying eyes from what the companies were doing in the way of railroads in South America.

Henry A. McCulloch's wife, Lola Beatrice Gaylord, was born in October 1871, at Anderson, Texas. She outlived her husband by nearly thirty years, dying on 12 June 1944, at San Antonio, Texas. She was buried at San Antonio's City Cemetery #1. She was the daughter of Edward Gaylord (d. 1873) and Cornelia Bernice Milton (1849-1924). She is shown in the 1920 Census as living with her daughter Lolita and Lolita's first husband John Dewees Howard, as well as her mother Cornelia Gaylord. Besides her grandson Ashby McCulloch Sutherland and her nephew William Leigh Morrow, she was survived by two nieces, Mrs. Sara Capers of San Antonio (daughter of Eleanor Stribling Capers), and Mrs. D. R. Dance of West Point, New York. This archive includes 564 letters written to and from Lola Gaylord McCulloch.

Lolita "Lola" McCulloch (1896-1929) and William Alexander Sutherland (1895-1929)

Lolita "Lola" McCulloch was born on 16 August 1896 at Mexico City, Mexico. After the death of her father in 1913, the family moved back to San Antonio, Texas. She was first married to John Dewees Howard (1895-1982) on 4 October 1916 at St. Mark's Episcopal Church in San Antonio, Texas.  Howard was the son of M. L. Howard.  Her cousins Eleanor and Beatrice Stribling led the bridal party. One of the matrons was the young Mrs. Dwight D. Eisenhower, herself recently married to the future president in July of 1916. However, Lolita's marriage ended in divorce. Howard, a salesman, remarried and shows up in the 1930 Census as being married. He registered for the WWII draft, but it is not clear if he served.

The first marriage of Lolita produced a son, Ashby McCulloch Howard. After her divorce, Lolita received custody of the child, and then married a second time to William Alexander Sutherland on 2 June 1926. Sutherland legally adopted the boy and the boy was given his surname and was Sutherland's heir when he died unexpectedly in 1929. Lolita's second husband, William Alexander Sutherland, was born in 1895. He was the manager of the Monterrey, Mexico branch of the Bank of Montreal and the couple's son Ashby spent his early years living at San Antonio, Texas, under the care of his grandmother Lola Gaylord McCulloch.

Lolita "Lola" McCulloch died on 25 March 1929 at her mother's home. She was 32 years old. She was survived by her husband William, who would die in a car accident several months later, her son, mother, an Aunt Mrs. Ben Stribling (Celeste Gaylord, 1874-1939), and cousins, Eleanor Stribling; (1903-1985) and Mrs. D. R. Dance (Beatrice Stribling, 1902-1974) and William Leigh Morrow, all of San Antonio. Celeste Gaylord married first Frank Morrow, and second to Benjamin A. Stribling (1863-1950).

Lolita's husband William Alexander Sutherland died 23 November 1929 in a car accident at Monterrey, Mexico. He had remained in Mexico after the death of his wife several months earlier. His body was taken back to San Antonio where he was buried. He was survived by a sister Mrs. Russell Cruikshank of Newcastle, Canada, and a brother Gordon Sutherland of Monckton, Canada. There are a number of letters in the archive between Gordon Sutherland and Mrs. Lola Gaylord McCulloch concerning the estate of Gordon's brother William Alexander. William Alexander Sutherland adopted Ashby Henry Howard as his son, which is evidenced by documents in the archive. Ashby became the legitimate heir of Sutherland and took his surname. This archive includes 82 letters to and from Lolita McCulloch Howard Sutherland and 10 letters to and from William Alexander Sutherland.

Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland (1921-1998)

Ashby McCulloch (Howard) Sutherland was born on 16 March 1921, at San Antonio, Texas. His father was John Dewees Howard (1895-1982), the first husband of Lolita "Lola" McCulloch. After the divorce and Lolita’s marriage to William Alexander Sutherland, Ashby was adopted by Sutherland as his son and given his surname.  Since his parents were living in Mexico when his father was working for the Bank of Montreal's Mexico City branch, Ashby stayed in San Antonio and lived with his grandmother Lola Gaylord McCulloch. He continued to live with his grandmother after the premature death of both of his parents in 1929.

Ashby graduated college in 1942 as the valedictorian from the University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee, and from Harvard Law School, class of 1949. After wartime service in Europe as a U.S. Army officer, he practiced at Sullivan & Cromwell before joining the International Nickel Co., New York (INCO Ltd) in 1954. He was an assistant to the general solicitor of the INCO Ltd. at the time of his marriage on 13 April 1956 to Marion Adair Ramsey.

Marion Adair Ramsey was the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Howard Ramsey, of Goliad, Texas. She attended Sophie Newcomb College in New Orleans, and graduated from University of Texas, where she was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta. For three years before her marriage to Sutherland, she was associated with the Museum of Modern Art in New York.

The couple was married on 13 April 1956 at the Central Presbyterian Church in New York. After their marriage they made their home for some time in New York City. Ashby was with INCO until 1983 in New York, Paris and Toronto, serving in a variety of legal and management positions before retiring as a senior vice president and executive director.

After Ashby retired, he and his family moved back to San Antonio, but spent parts of his later years in Venice and San Miguel de Allende. Ashby was a member of the Knickerbocker Club and the Harvard Club of New York City. Ashby was married from 1956 to 1972 to Marion and although they divorced in 1972, they remained close friends. Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland died on 5 February 1998 after suffering for about a year with Leukemia and was buried on 9 February at City Cemetery in San Antonio. Together the couple had at least two children, Howard Ramsey Sutherland of London and Ramsey Sutherland Farber of Buffalo. This archive includes 226 letters to and from Ashby McCulloch Sutherland, mostly written during the time he was in undergraduate school, law school, or in military service.

Description of Collection

Correspondence of Alexander McCulloch, his son Henry Eustace McCulloch, and grandson Henry Ashby McCulloch

343 letters, 743 pages, (8 envelopes), dated 1845-1913, as follows:

Alexander McCulloch, Sr., 1 letter, 2 pp., folding letter-sheet, dated Huntsville, 1845, written to his wife Francis.

Henry Eustace McCulloch, 4 letters, 10 pp., (no envelopes), dated 1859-1896. Of these 4 letters, two were written by him to his son, the other two are incoming letters. The letters to his son are dated Seguin, Texas 1882 and Rockport, 1896, just before he died. One of the letters addressed to him was written by his son S. L. McCulloch and dated Martindale, Texas, 1883, with the other incoming letter dated 6 May 1859, written by his nephew Rush McCulloch of Wilfred, Texas.

Henry Ashby McCulloch, approximately 338 letters, 731 pp., (7 envelopes), dated 1876-1913. Of these letters, 174 are outgoing, and 164 incoming. A number of these letters are telegrams, or cablegrams, some long, some fairly short. They include coded cablegrams, with transcriptions. These letters are almost all business related and deal with McCulloch's work in Central and South America with various railroads from 1876 up to the year that he died. About half of the letters are from 1912.

Correspondence of Lola Gaylord McCulloch, wife of Henry Ashby McCulloch

564 letters, 2066 pages, (309 envelopes), dated 1879-1944 (bulk 1920s-1940s), as follows:

Outgoing - 162 letters, 534 pages, (42 envelopes), as follows:

Lola G. McCulloch to her daughter Lolita, 17 letters, 86 pp., (6 envelopes), dated 1908-1928. Some of these letters were written by Lola to her daughter Lolita when Lolita was in Montreal, Canada, or Corpus Christi, Texas.

Lola G. McCulloch to her grandson Ashby McCulloch Sutherland, 27 letters, 87 pp., (23 envelopes), dated mostly San Antonio, Texas, 1921-1943, with most letters being from 1939-1943 when he was away at college in Sewanee, Tennessee, at the University of the South, and then later at Soldier's Field, Boston, Massachusetts, when he was in military service.

Lola G. McCulloch to her sister, Celeste Gaylord, 4 letters, 35 pp., (2 envelopes), dated 1907-1913, written by McCulloch to her sister, while McCulloch was either onboard a ship or in Mexico or Peru.

Lola G. McCulloch to Hilyer-Deutsch-Jarrett & Co., 8 letters, 18 pp., (1 envelope), dated 1924-1930. Hilyer et al was a lumber company in San Antonio, who McCulloch had business with concerning financial instruments between the parties. McCulloch writes from her home in San Antonio, as well as from Mexico.

Lola G. McCulloch to several insurance companies, 13 letters, 17 pp., dated 1930. Copies of letters written to several Canadian insurance companies by McCulloch, concerning policies of her late son-in-law William Alexander Sutherland for her grandson Ashby McC. Sutherland.

Lola G. McCulloch to Gordon Sutherland, 8 letters, 11 pp., (1 envelope), dated 1930-1932. Copies of letters of McCulloch concerning the estate of her late son-in-law William Alexander Sutherland. Gordon Sutherland is William's brother, whose estate was divided between Gordon, his sister, and William's son Ashby McC Sutherland.

Lola G. McCulloch outgoing letters to miscellaneous correspondents, 85 letters, 280 pp., (9 envelopes), dated 1886-1941. Mostly copies of letters sent to various individuals or companies.

Incoming - 402 letters, 1532 pages, (267 envelopes), as follows:

61 letters, 301 pp., (43 envelopes) of family letters (mother, cousins, nieces and nephews) to Lola G. McCulloch, dated 1879-1944, mostly 1920s-1940s.

27 letters, 43 pp., (17 envelopes), of the Bank of Montreal, the Union National Bank, and the San Antonio Loan & Trust Co., to Lola G. McCulloch, dated 1929-1940, dealing with McCulloch's finances, as well as her grandson Ashby McC Sutherland, who inherited half of the estate of his father, William Alexander Sutherland.

6 letters, 22 pp., (4 envelopes), of T. A. Corry, of Los Gatos, California to Lola G. McCulloch, dated 1936-1940. Corry appears to have been a friend of McCulloch, possibly a relative also on the LeNoir branch of the family. Corry appears to have been friends with the McCulloch family through his work on Peruvian Railroads.

19 letters, 198 pp., (18 envelopes), of Dorothy Cruikshank, of Newcastle, New Brunswick, Canada, dated 1929-1940, to Lola G. McCulloch. Cruikshank was the sister of William Alexander Sutherland, McCulloch's late son-in-law.

11 letters, 37 pp., (9 envelopes), of Ariana Graves Dennison, wife of James Edward Dennison. Originally born in Texas, she moved to Mexico City, Mexico, where she writes to Lola G. McCulloch, dated 1929-1943. Ariana appears to have been a friend of McCulloch. James Edward Dennison was the treasurer of the American Book & Printing Company of Mexico City.

13 letters, 72 pp., (10 envelopes,) of Charlotte St. John Elliot, of Sewanee, Tennessee to Lola G. McCulloch, dated 1939-1943. Charlotte St. John Elliot (1870-1958) was born 24 June 1870 at Savannah, Georgia, to Robert W.B. and Caroline Elliott of South Carolina. Her father was a clergyman at San Antonio on the 1880 Census, and this may be how Elliott came to know Lola Gaylord McCulloch. Elliott lived at Sewanee, Tennessee, with her lifelong companion, Marie Truslow, a sculptor. Charlotte was described as a "tall, dignified and benevolent woman" and Truslow as "stumpy, bucktoothed and vivacious." They were said to wear "long dresses, black or dazzling white, and heavy, amber beads and pearls, pendant over very ample bosoms." Elliott was friends with the southern writers Walker Percy and his cousin William Alexander Percy, and her name shows up in a book about Percy Walker [page 285, "The House of Percy: Honor, Melancholy, and Imagination in a Southern Family," by Bertram Wyatt-Brown, (New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994) Marie Jermaine Truslow (1871-1958), Elliott's partner, was a resident of Sewanee from 1924 until she died at the age of 86 in 1958. Her death came 11 days after the death of her partner Elliott on 17 February 1958. She was listed as a friend of many years to Charlotte Elliott, with whom she shared a home at Sewanee.

Truslow was born in Brooklyn, New York, 6 August 1871, the daughter of James Linklater Truslow and his wife the former Amelia Louise Adams, both later of Summit, New Jersey. Truslow became a sculptor of note and had studied in Florence, Italy, and Dresden, Germany. She and Charlotte had been classmates at St. Catherine's School in Brooklyn before both went abroad to study. At the beginning of WWI they were both back in New York City and met again and together opened the Home Studio for young ladies interested in studying music and art. Elliot was a dramatic soprano and once was a member of the Metropolitan Opera Chorus. Elliott is found advertising in the New York Tribune (3 Nov 1918) and the Brooklyn Daily Eagle (23 Feb 1919) as a singing instructor. In 1924 the two women closed their school and moved to Sewanee where they purchased a home and were active in the cultural affairs of the community for many years. Elliott was the granddaughter of Bishop Elliot, a principal founder of the University of the South at Sewanee, the university where Ashby McCulloch Sutherland attended. After the death of the two women, they were buried next to each other at the University Cemetery. The 1940 Census taken for Sewanee lists Truslow as "head" of the household, and Charlotte’s relationship to her as "friend." An earlier census in 1930 listed Charlotte as "partner" to the head of house, which was Truslow.

16 letters, 19 pp., (6 envelopes), dated 1924-1934, of Hilyer-Deutsch-Jarrett & Co. Hilyer et al was a lumber company in San Antonio, who McCulloch had business with concerning financial instruments between the parties.

14 letters, 17 pp., dated 1913- 1930, mostly 1930, of several insurance companies concerning mainly the estate/policy of William Alexander Sutherland, McCulloch's late son-in-law and the inheritance of her grandson Ashby McC Sutherland.

17 letters, 87 pp., (12 envelopes), dated 1929-1944, of Alice (Caruthers) Reed, of Charlotte and Durham, North Carolina, to Lola G. McCulloch. Alice appears to be a friend of McCulloch. She was born in Mexico, the daughter of a physician. Her father lived at San Antonio, as did Alice before she married George L. Reed, an accountant with a chemical company, and moved to Virginia, and then later to North Carolina.

18 letters, 34 pp., (10 envelopes), dated 1930-1934, of Gordon Sutherland to Lola G. McCulloch. Sutherland is the brother of McCulloch's late son-in-law, William Alexander Sutherland. The letters mostly concern the estate of Sutherland and the inheritance of McCulloch's grandson Ashby McC Sutherland.

16 letters, 66 pp., (11 envelopes), dated 1929-1943, of "Suzie" of Mexico City, Mexico, to Lola G. McCulloch. Suzie lives in Mexico City. She appears to be a friend of the McCulloch family.

184 letters, 636 pp., (127 envelopes), dated 1884-1943, incoming letters from various individuals to Lola G. McCulloch. The letters consist of correspondence from many friends and associates, business, or otherwise.

Correspondence of Lolita McCulloch Howard Sutherland, daughter of Lola Gaylord McCulloch and Henry Ashby McCulloch

82 letters, 388 pp., (60 envelopes), dated 1906-1928 as follows:

Outgoing - 52 letters, 221 pp., (31 envelopes), as follows:

22 letters, 115 pp., (15 envelopes), dated 1906-1918, (the bulk from 1914-1915). Letters written by Lolita to her parents from Mexico, Washington, D.C., New York, NY, and elsewhere.

26 letters, 98 pp., (14 envelopes), dated 1924-1928. Letters written by Lolita to her son Ashby McCulloch Sutherland when she was living in Mexico, or visiting Canada, and her son was living with Lolita's mother Lola Gaylord McCulloch in San Antonio, Texas. Lolita's husband William Alexander Sutherland was working for a branch of the Bank of Montreal located in Mexico City, Mexico.

4 letters, 8 pp., (2 envelopes), dated 1909-1910. Letters written by Lolita to others.

Incoming - 30 letters, 167 pp., (29 envelopes), as follows:

30 incoming letters, 167 pp., written by various individuals to Lolita McCulloch Howard Sutherland, dated 1913-1924. The bulk of the letters were written to Lolita in 1915, when she was living at San Antonio, Texas. The letters are written by friends, cousins, and male romantic interests.

Correspondence of William Alexander Sutherland, husband of Lolita McCulloch Howard Sutherland, father of Ashby McCulloch Sutherland

10 letters, 39 pp., (2 envelopes), dated 1928-1929. Of these 11 letters, there are 3 outgoing by Sutherland, dated 1928-1929, and 7 incoming to him, dated 1928-1929. One of the outgoing letters is to his son Ashby, the other 2 are business related. The 7 incoming letters appear to be both family and business.

Correspondence of Ashby McCulloch Sutherland, son of Lolita McCulloch and William Alexander Sutherland

226 letters, 689 pp., (227 envelopes), dated 1928-1944, as follows:

Outgoing - 177 letters, 520 pp., (152 envelopes), as follows:

165 letters, 496 pp., (144 envelopes), dated 1930-1944, written by Sutherland to his grandmother, Lola G. McCulloch, who became his legal guardian after the death of his parents in 1929 when he was 8 years old. Most of the letters were written by Sutherland when he was away at college at Sewanee, Tennessee, attending the University of the South (1938-1942), or when he was at Harvard Law (1942-1943) at Cambridge, Massachusetts, or in military service (1943-1944) at Soldier's Field, Boston, West Springfield, Massachusetts, or at Camp Lee, Virginia, and Camp Ellis, Illinois.

12 letters, 24 pp., (8 envelopes), dated 1928-1929, written by Sutherland to his parents, William Alexander Sutherland and Lolita McCulloch Sutherland. These letters were written by Sutherland when he was a child living at his grandmother's in San Antonio, Texas and his parent were living in Mexico, or visiting Canada.

5 letters, 10 pp., (2 envelopes), dated 1938-1941, written to friends or family.

Incoming - 89 letters, 169 pp., (75 envelopes), as follows:

89 letters, 169 pp., (75 envelopes), dated 1932-1944, some undated. All of these 89 letters are written to Ashby when he was either away at college, or in military service, or when he was on break at home in San Antonio. These letters were written classmates, friends in military service, college administrators, as well as family (aunts, cousins, etc.), and women who were perhaps romantic interests before he finally married in the 1950s.

Correspondence of Celeste Gaylord Morrow Stribling

39 letters, 173 pp., (26 envelopes), dated 1908-1937, as follows:

26 letters, 120 pp., (17 envelopes), dated 1908-1937, written by Stribling to her sister Lola G. McCulloch.

13 letters, 53 pp., (9 envelopes), dated 1913-1937, written by Stribling to her mother and family members.

Correspondence of John Dewees Howard, 1st husband of Lolita McCulloch Sutherland

3 letters, 8 pp., (3 envelopes), dated 1917-1930. Two of these letters are written to Howard; the other one is written by him to his wife Lolita McCulloch Howard, later Lolita McCulloch Sutherland, after she divorced Howard, and remarried Sutherland.

Miscellaneous Letters of the McCulloch and Sutherland families

166 letters, 363 pp., (12 envelopes), dated 1867-1943. These letters are written to and from various individuals, some correspondents are relatives of the McCulloch and Sutherland families, others not. Some are apparent copies, but not signed, thus not knowing who wrote them. A number are from the 19th Century and deal with the Milton family, relatives of Lola Gaylord McCulloch’s mother, Cornelia Bernice Milton Gaylord.

Address Books, Diaries, Expense Accounts, Memorandum and Notebooks:

3 address books, 33, 42, 29 pp., one measures 3 ¼" x 5 ¼", bound in black leather, dated 1909, another

measures 2 ¾" x 5", flip top binding, bound in calf, not dated c. 1910, and the third states it belonged to "Lola B. [Gaylord] McCulloch, San Antonio, TX" and measures 4" x 6 ¼", bound in stiff black cloth.

1 diary, 117 pp., measures 4 ¾" x 6", bound in crumbling leatherette, dated 1926, five year diary, only one year used, diary mostly written in the first half of year. Diary appears to be kept by a female, with a boyfriend, or fiancé named "Bill."

1 diary of Ashby McCulloch Sutherland, measures 5 ½" x 7", bound in puffy cheap leather, dated 1 July to 2 Sep. 1935. Diary is a five year diary, but our diarist only kept a couple of months in 1935.

1 diary, 5 pp, measures 4" x 6 ½", bound in cloth, dated 1-11 Jan. 1921, possibly written by John Dewees Howard, or a relative of Lolita McCulloch, as it mentions Lolita and she would have been married to Howard in Jan 1921.

1 expense account book, 53 pp., measures 4" x 6 ½", bound in red flexible leather, dated 1910-1911, documents monthly expenses (servants wages, foodstuffs, washing, governess, shoe repairs, school expenses, etc). Presumably the accounts of Lola Beatrice Gaylord McCulloch or her husband H. A. McCulloch.

1 notebook, 12 pp., measures 4" x 6 ¾", bound in paper, used by someone to keep music lesson notes, not dated.

1 notebook, 2 pp, measures 4 ¼" x 6 ¾", bound in flexible cloth, front wrapper states "H.A. McCulloch, Register Silver," and contains two page lists of the "silver" owned by McCulloch (silverware, pots, cups, plates, etc) and the values.

Photographs:

Approximately 942 photographs, various sizes from small snapshots measuring 2" x 3", to large portraits, at 10" x 12", some photos from Mexico, Texas, California, many of family members, some of industry, or businesses, some are labeled, many not, some dated, many not, all are black and white, good condition, dated circa 1890-1940s, but undated photos could be older. Counted within this photograph total are 20 cabinet card photos, 14 cdv's, 2 tin types, 1 negative and two small photograph albums.

Ephemera:

Approximately 1,400 pieces of printed and manuscript ephemera dated 1836-1944, with bulk being from 1910s -1940s as follows

Postcards: 129 postcards, used, mostly incoming postcards to Mrs. H. A. McCulloch from her grandson Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland, with several to her daughter Lolita, son-in-law John Dewees Howard, and to Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland from others, dated c.1910-1943.

47 real photo postcards, some used, some not, of the used cards they are dated c. 1909-1939, unused cards possibly dated earlier.

Telegrams: 49 telegrams, dated c1900-1940, mostly written to H.A. McCulloch, or his grandson Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland, most written to H.A. McCulloch in 1911, some were written to Sutherland when he was in college at the University of the South.

Manuscript & Printed Ephemera:

5 Certificates: National Honor Society Secondary Schools, San Antonio, Texas 1935;  Junior High School Diploma, San Antonio, Texas 1937; Diploma Senior High School, San Antonio, Texas, 1938; Membership Phi Gamma Mu, Tennessee Beta Chapter, University of the South, 1941; Diploma from University of the South. 1942.

47 legal documents including: wills, estate papers, property deeds, insurance policies, contracts, etc. of the McCulloch family, dated circa 1836-1942, with most being from 1908-1942, with 9 of the documents being in Spanish and dated 1895-1929.

102 manuscript pp., various miscellaneous notes, jottings, recipes, verse, etc.

103 calling cards, business cards, or invitations.

80 manuscript documents related to schooling, such as exams, tests, essays, report cards, circulars, appearing to be of Henry Ashby McCulloch and his grandson Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland, dated circa 1880s-1940s.

22 medical receipts from doctors for service on Mrs. John D. Howard (Lolita McCulloch Sutherland); Ashby (Howard) Sutherland; William A. Sutherland; Mrs. H.A. McCulloch.

84 pieces of manuscript receipts and accounts dated 1830s-1930s, for McCulloch and allied families.

51 printed pieces of ephemera, such as circulars, advertisements, brochures, etc.

123 pieces of banking ephemera, such as bank statements, cancelled checks, bank receipts, etc., mostly of Mrs. (H.A.) Lola Gaylord McCulloch and her son Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland.

61 general receipts for clothing, hotels, food, books (Quaritch), funeral, taxes, etc., a number of them on letterhead, dated 1909-1941

75 newspaper/magazine clippings, some concern McCulloch/Sutherland family, such as the auto accident in Mexico that killed Alexander Sutherland.

35 typed pages, various items, verse, translations of coded telegrams, family history, etc.

204 greeting cards, mostly written to Mrs. H. A. McCulloch and her grandson Ashby McCulloch Howard Sutherland, dated circa 1924-1944.

168 used envelopes, likely separated from letters within this collection.

Miscellaneous Ephemera: 2 pairs of Masonic white gloves; 1 Masonic apron; 1 used, worn black leather wallet, inscribed "E.H. Gaylord."